10/01/2026

Guiding Clients in a Capabilities-Driven Job Market

By Jennifer Hay

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The job market is shifting faster than anticipated, and not in the way most people assume. A new PwC analysis of job postings found that artificial intelligence (AI) is not eliminating entry-level work; it is redefining it. In the most AI-exposed occupations, entry-level job postings are now seven times more likely to require skills that have historically appeared later in a career: strategic decision-making, stakeholder management, leadership, and judgment (Lichtenberg, 2026). PwC calls this “seniorization,” and it means a 22-year-old recent graduate is increasingly asked to demonstrate capabilities that once took a decade to build.

As Dan Priest, PwC’s US Chief AI Officer, put it: “The message for education is not simply ‘teach more AI,’” but to teach AI alongside the human capabilities that make AI useful. “The future advantage will go to people who can direct AI, challenge it and apply it to real problems, not just prompt it” (as quoted in Lichtenberg, 2026, para. 13).

Every professional in every field needs to be prepared to work differently and arrive with capabilities that used to come only with years of experience. Likewise, the work of the career development professional is affected by this change in the job market.

Istock 2169976404 Credit Metamorworks
A Multi-Dimensional View of Every Candidate
We live and work in a multi-dimensional world and clients need career development professionals to help them be presented that way. Today’s job market rarely rewards a one-note candidate. Instead, it calls for a blend of data, AI, business, industry, technology, and human and interpersonal capabilities. These six dimensions show up in some form in nearly every role. The required depth of each varies from job to job.

Data Capabilities span the full information lifecycle: literacy, analysis, quality, governance, sourcing, integration, privacy, and the tools used to report and visualize it. Data is the foundation that nearly every business decision, process improvement, and AI initiative rests on. Even people outside formal data roles are expected to interpret dashboards, question the quality of a number, understand where data comes from, and communicate findings clearly. Working confidently and responsibly with data is now a baseline expectation across every role.

AI Capabilities cover the practical, human side of working with AI: literacy, recognizing use cases, prompting effectively, evaluating outputs, understanding risk and ethics, and knowing when human judgment is essential. AI adoption is accelerating, and the professionals who thrive are those who can use AI well, question it, and integrate it responsibly into everyday workflows. Employers are looking for AI fluency, not expertise in the technology itself, but the judgment to use it effectively and adapt as it reshapes work.

Technology Capabilities cover functioning well in a digital workplace, understanding common tools, communicating requirements clearly, troubleshooting issues, staying aware of security basics, and adapting as platforms evolve. Nearly every job today requires the use of technology. Professionals who pick up new tools quickly and communicate clearly reduce friction for everyone around them. As technology keeps changing, the ability to continuously learn and adapt becomes a valuable skill.

Human and Interpersonal Capabilities (communication, collaboration, judgment, adaptability, influence, conflict navigation, empathy, and accountability) are durable skills that cannot be automated. As AI and technology absorb more procedural and analytical work, the qualities that remain distinctly human become increasingly valuable. Employers consistently rank communication, teamwork, and adaptability above specific technical credentials, because they determine whether someone can work well with others and lead through change.

Business Capabilities are the connective tissue between individual roles and organizational value, covering strategy, finance, operations, supply chain, HR, and other core functions. Employers want professionals who understand where their work fits within the larger business so a marketer who understands financial tradeoffs is more valuable. As organizations flatten, business acumen lets people speak the language of decision-makers, collaborate across functions, and contribute beyond their immediate role.

Industry Capabilities reflect depth of understanding in a specific sector: regulations, workflows, competitive landscape, economic drivers, and customer dynamics. Employers value people who understand the pressures and language of their industry. A project manager familiar with manufacturing supply chains ramps up faster than someone with no domain context, and for career changers, that industry knowledge is transferable expertise that speeds onboarding.

See These Capabilities in Practice
Consider three professionals at different points on the spectrum. The career development professional may be called to assist the marketability of each through guiding their storytelling narrative and resume.

David is a Tech Product Engineer who builds features people use and gets teams to agree on how to build them. He can read platform data and has the communication skills to turn a disagreement between two teams into a shipped plan.

Maria is an Operations Manager who owns her mistakes in front of leadership, questions vendor deals that look good on paper, and uses AI carefully rather than blindly trusting what it produces.

Sophia is a Talent Acquisition Coordinator with a communications background. She combines information from disconnected systems and questions AI tools before trusting their results.

Each of these three workers have different starting points, but all have capabilities indispensable to an employer: they can engage critically with their team's tools, and have enough business or operational judgment to know which problems are practical to solve. They have the ability to move fluently between what is technically possible and what the work genuinely needs. To view examples of how a career development professional may help clients like these demonstrate their multi-dimensional value, see the Three Use Cases.


From Skills to Capabilities: A Better Framework for Clients
The six dimensions essential in today’s job market describe where capability shows up; assessing it well takes a finer lens. Four elements shape every capability: skills, knowledge, talents, and interests. The first two are acquired through study, experience, and practice. The remaining two are motivational characteristics of the individual.

For career professionals, helping a client name all four, and see where they converge, is what turns a list of qualifications into a story worth telling.

 

References

Lichtenberg, N. (2026, June 18). Entry-level work didn’t disappear; PwC finds with ‘seniorization.’ It just morphed into something young workers can’t get. Fortune. https://fortune.com/2026/06/18/entry-level-work-ai-pwc-seniorization-report/ 

LinkedIn. (2025). 2025 workplace learning report. LinkedIn Learning.

National Association of Colleges and Employers. (2025). Job outlook 2025. https://www.naceweb.org/talent-acquisition/candidate-selection/what-are-employers-looking-for-when-reviewing-college-students-resumes 

 

 


Jennifer Hay is a career strategist, coach, and resume writer who helps people navigate a job market being reshaped by AI, economic change, and evolving workplace expectations. Her expertise spans career and educational guidance, career planning, coaching, interview preparation, career storytelling, resumes, and social media profiles. Jennifer is the founder of Tech Career Services and is the creator of STIK, a proprietary capabilities assessment and planning methodology that reveals how an individual’s skills, knowledge, talents, and interests create a distinctive professional profile. Her work focuses on advancing a multidimensional approach to job readiness and modernizing how career professionals prepare clients to stand out and get hired. Jennifer is an Academy Certified Resume Writer (ACRW), a Certified Student Career Coach (CSCC) and a Certified Business Intelligence Professional (CBIP) in Data Analysis and Business Analytics. She can be reached at jhay@techcareerservices.com

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9 Comments

Charles Lehman   on Thursday 10/01/2026 at 06:39 PM

Great infoarmation!

Robert London   on Thursday 10/01/2026 at 07:15 PM

The dimensions are really too general to help an individual with either career planning or job placement. In today's hyper-competitive job market the clients I see want concrete direction on what to do to get a job or what need to do to have an effective career plan that leads to employment. Each client is different with different circumstances strengths and weaknesses. I dimensions I look at with my clients are what is your life situation and barriers are you facing? What job interests do you have and how well prepared are you to meet the skills listed in the current job postings? These are quite specific these days and not general. How mobile are you? What kinds of training do you need to be competitive or make a pivot to another job path. Rather than a general framework a problem solving approach and framework might be more productive approach.

Michelle Johnson   on Friday 10/02/2026 at 06:30 PM

I am very glad to see human and interpersonal skills listed among the capabilities you mention. There is so much emphasis on AI taking jobs that the continuing importance of interpersonal skills often does not highlighted.

I think overall your capability framework is valuable and points to the way career professionals need to shift their thinking as the professional environment in the age of AI continues to evolve.

Jennifer Hay   on Friday 10/02/2026 at 09:48 PM

This is in response to Robert London.
Thank you for your comments. I agree that a problem-solving approach is essential, and I use one with every client. Your questions give me the opportunity to clarify some things that my brief article did not make clear. I think you'll find that our perspectives are similar and that our techniques complement each other.

In my experience, problem solving begins with problem framing: understanding the unique circumstances, needs, and capabilities of each individual. Some of this comes from conversation with the client, such as life situation, mobility, and other barriers. Problem framing also depends on fact gathering, and that is the purpose of my assessment.

The six dimensions in the article align with what employers look for today. At the next level, they are assessed across 84 capabilities. This connects with your question about how well prepared a person is to meet the skills listed in current job postings. Each capability is rated by four elements: skills, talents, interests, and knowledge. That yields 336 data points for each client, and it connects with your question about job interests.

From those ratings I build two profiles. The experience profile, based on skills and knowledge, shows a person's ability to perform in a particular job role. The energy profile, based on talents and interests, shows motivation to do a job and the rewards the person finds in doing it. Together, the profiles show strengths and weaknesses. Gaps between the two profiles help identify the training needed to be competitive or to make a pivot. Both profiles are important for job seeking and career planning, and they are the basis to work with the client using a conversational and collaborative problem solving approach.

Rob Moore   on Sunday 10/04/2026 at 09:03 PM

Seniorization of junior positions is a startling concept. Are employers actually expecting fresh-out candidates to have the capabilities of employees with several years experience?

As a recruiter, I didn’t think that way. I was just looking for the best candidates, people with resumes that show high potential. I looked for hints that a candidate could perform well in a target position and thus be worth an initial phone interview.

Evidence of a “blend of data [handling], AI, business, industry, technology, and human and interpersonal capabilities” is what influences my judgement, even if I’m not checking off that list.

Tailored resumes
Potential candidates who are genuinely interested in a position will tailor their resume to emphasize their fit, not just broadcast their standard resume.

Get professional guidance
Getting professional resume guidance is a great idea because one is “too close to it,” and can’t properly review their own work. I’ve reviewed resumes of friends, recruiters themselves, and realized they’d been too modest and have a much stronger story to tell.

Capable people can be clueless and fail to understand how a recruiter will evaluate a resume. Maybe a recruiter will only read the first few words of each line on first pass, or maybe they’ll use an AI to review a huge batch of resume submissions.

Building a strong resume takes foresight and investment
I look for evidence a potential candidate has acquired experiences like internships and participated in activities that show initiative in problem solving.

I would certainly favor candidates who have developed skills in using AI agents, not just prompting AI chat bots. Personal AI application projects or volunteer work would be good evidence. The key aspect of AI is it’s not a tool, it’s agents that might use tools in accomplishing tasks.

Inverted mentoring
I’ve been surprised to see inverse mentoring where new entry level employees coach their managers in use of new technologies. I bet there’ll be a lot of this happening with AI; the technology has been advancing too fast for busy people to understand and implement.

Libby Humphreys   about 6 hours ago

I really enjoyed this article because I can see how career counseling connects to addiction and recovery counseling, which Is where I am currently placed for my practicum in my Master's program. Many people in recovery may struggle with employment or have gaps in their work history because of their substance use. I think helping clients recognize their strengths and abilities can help rebuild their confidence and give them a sense of purpose. Meaningful employment can also provide stability and structure, which can be very important in recovery. As a future counselor, I think it will be important to help clients look beyond their past and recognize the possibilities they have for their future.

Jennifer Hay   about 4 hours ago

his is in response to Libby Humphreys.

Thank you for your thoughtful comment. You've made a connection I hadn't addressed in the article, and it's an important one.

Gaps in work history can make clients feel they have little to offer. A traditional resume tends to put those gaps front and center. Looking at capabilities rather than job titles lets us see the whole person. Skills and knowledge show what someone can do. Talents and interests show what energizes them and gives them meaning. A person in recovery may have a thinner experience profile for now. Their energy profile, though, can be as strong as anyone's, and that's often where a sense of purpose begins. People in recovery also work hard to build capabilities like accountability, adaptability, and judgment. Helping clients name these strengths can change how they tell their story.

Here is an example of how you might work with a client, from a book I am currently writing:

People Coach
The People Coach helps others do better work. They may teach a skill, give feedback, remove an obstacle, or create the conditions for someone to grow. This can happen with or without a manager title. A colleague who patiently helps new staff become confident may show this pattern before ever supervising anyone.

The rewarding part of coaching is often seeing another person succeed. The difficult part is that progress may be slow, feedback may be uncomfortable, and you cannot do the learning for someone else. Some people love helping but dislike the formal duties of management, such as staffing decisions and performance problems. Separate those possibilities when you explore roles.

Write down two examples of someone who learned or improved with your help. What did you notice they needed? What did you do? What changed? Ask that person, if appropriate, what helped most. To test a new direction, offer a short training session or mentor someone on a specific task. Pay attention to whether you enjoy preparation, listening, repeated explanation, and working at the learner's pace.

Robert London   about 3 hours ago

There are many different reasons for work gaps and this issue requires a solution based on the client. The question I find is how to reframe work gaps and skill gaps in a positive way with the client on their resume. This may take some creative discussions with the client to leverage other activities to fill the gap. Often you can reframe other work experiences into the meeting the job posting. If the client is interested in a career change then those skill and work gaps can be reframed as opportunities for tasks on their work and career journey. The client always has the options to purse a training plan to fill the skills gap or to look at other job postings where their skills gap are not a job application detractor. If you are looking at time away from work due to illness, being a homemaker, or termination, again its worth while to discuss what activities they have been doing in time away from traditional 9-5 work environments. Time away can also help set the guidelines for the type of job pursued when returning, which includes retraining, where time away is not an issue. I had a client who was a homemaker who was a weaver and sold her shawls, rugs, and scars never realizing that in fact she was an independent business owner will all sorts of skills.

Dave Wells   38 minutes ago

Rob Moore's comment that seniorization of junior roles is startling brought my thoughts to more startling stuff in the workplace. Paul Osterman's book, Disposable Workers: The Transformation of Employment, highlights a trend of reduced employer commitment to employees and declining investment in their careers. As part of career planning, we need to recognize that careers are no longer defined by long term relationships with employers. Independent work such as contracting and freelancing is now a big part of the career landscape. The two critical factors for career success in that world are capabilities and value creation. With that it mind, it seems to me that capabilities assessment and career portfolio are key instruments to present yourself to prospective employers.

Disclaimer: The opinions expressed in the comments shown above are those of the individual comment authors and do not reflect the views or opinions of this organization.